U.S. Standard Atmosphere: Temperature, Pressure, and Air Properties vs. Altitude
Properties of the US standard atmosphere ranging -5000 to 250000 ft altitude.
A "Standard Atmosphere" can be regarded as an average pressure, temperature and air density for various altitudes.
The "U.S. Standard Atmosphere 1976" is an atmospheric model of how the pressure, temperature, density, and viscosity of the Earth's atmosphere changes with altitude. It is defined as having a temperature of 288.15 K (15 oC, 59 oF) at the sea level 0 km geometrical height and 101325 Pa (1013.25 hPa, 1013.25 mbar, 760 mm Hg, 29.92 in Hg).
Geometrical altitude is the scale of elevation we would measure with a tape measure. Geopotential altitude is based on a scale that relates altitude to gravitational equipotentials, or surfaces of constant gravitational potential energy per unit mass.
The atmosphere are divided in
- the Troposphere - ranging 0 to 11 km (36.000 ft) altitude
- the Stratosphere - ranging 11 to to 51 km (167.000 ft) altitude
- the Mesosphere - ranging 51 to 71 km (232.000 ft) altitude
- the Ionosphere - ranging above 71 km (above 232.000 ft) altitude
U.S. Standard Atmosphere Air Properties - Imperial (BG) Units
| Geo-potential Altitude above Sea Level - h - (ft) | Temperature - t - (oF) | Acceleration of Gravity - g - (ft/s2) | Absolute Pressure - p - (lb/in2) | Density - ρ - (10-4 slugs/ft3) | Dynamic Viscosity - μ - (10-7 lb s/ft2) (10-7 slug /(ft s)) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -5000 | 76.84 | 32.189 | 17.554 | 27.45 | 3.836 |
| 0 | 59 | 32.174 | 14.696 | 23.77 | 3.737 |
| 5000 | 41.17 | 32.159 | 12.228 | 20.48 | 3.637 |
| 10000 | 23.36 | 32.143 | 10.108 | 17.56 | 3.534 |
| 15000 | 5.55 | 32.128 | 8.297 | 14.96 | 3.430 |
| 20000 | -12.26 | 32.112 | 6.759 | 12.67 | 3.324 |
| 25000 | -30.05 | 32.097 | 5.461 | 10.66 | 3.217 |
| 30000 | -47.83 | 32.082 | 4.373 | 8.91 | 3.107 |
| 35000 | -65.61 | 32.066 | 3.468 | 7.38 | 2.995 |
| 40000 | -69.70 | 32.051 | 2.730 | 5.87 | 2.969 |
| 45000 | -69.70 | 32.036 | 2.149 | 4.62 | 2.969 |
| 50000 | -69.70 | 32.020 | 1.692 | 3.64 | 2.969 |
| 60000 | -69.70 | 31.990 | 1.049 | 2.26 | 2.969 |
| 70000 | -67.42 | 31.959 | 0.651 | 1.39 | 2.984 |
| 80000 | -61.98 | 31.929 | 0.406 | 0.86 | 3.018 |
| 90000 | -56.54 | 31.897 | 0.255 | 0.56 | 3.052 |
| 100000 | -51.10 | 31.868 | 0.162 | 0.33 | 3.087 |
| 150000 | 19.40 | 31.717 | 0.020 | 0.037 | 3.511 |
| 200000 | -19.78 | 31.566 | 0.003 | 0.0053 | 3.279 |
| 250000 | -88.77 | 31.415 | 0.000 | 0.00065 | 2.846 |
U.S. Standard Atmosphere Air Properties - Metric Units
| Geo potential Altitude above Sea Level - h - (m) | Temperature - t - (oC) | Acceleration of Gravity - g - (m/s2) | Absolute Pressure - p - (104 N/m2) | Density - ρ - (kg/m3) | Dynamic Viscosity - μ - (10-5 N s/m2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -1000 | 21.50 | 9.810 | 11.39 | 1.347 | 1.821 |
| 0 | 15.00 | 9.807 | 10.13 | 1.225 | 1.789 |
| 1000 | 8.50 | 9.804 | 8.988 | 1.112 | 1.758 |
| 2000 | 2.00 | 9.801 | 7.950 | 1.007 | 1.726 |
| 3000 | -4.49 | 9.797 | 7.012 | 0.9093 | 1.694 |
| 4000 | -10.98 | 9.794 | 6.166 | 0.8194 | 1.661 |
| 5000 | -17.47 | 9.791 | 5.405 | 0.7364 | 1.628 |
| 6000 | -23.96 | 9.788 | 4.722 | 0.6601 | 1.595 |
| 7000 | -30.45 | 9.785 | 4.111 | 0.5900 | 1.561 |
| 8000 | -36.94 | 9.782 | 3.565 | 0.5258 | 1.527 |
| 9000 | -43.42 | 9.779 | 3.080 | 0.4671 | 1.493 |
| 10000 | -49.90 | 9.776 | 2.650 | 0.4135 | 1.458 |
| 15000 | -56.50 | 9.761 | 1.211 | 0.1948 | 1.422 |
| 20000 | -56.50 | 9.745 | 0.5529 | 0.08891 | 1.422 |
| 25000 | -51.60 | 9.730 | 0.2549 | 0.04008 | 1.448 |
| 30000 | -46.64 | 9.715 | 0.1197 | 0.01841 | 1.475 |
| 40000 | -22.80 | 9.684 | 0.0287 | 0.003996 | 1.601 |
| 50000 | -2.5 | 9.654 | 0.007978 | 0.001027 | 1.704 |
| 60000 | -26.13 | 9.624 | 0.002196 | 0.0003097 | 1.584 |
| 70000 | -53.57 | 9.594 | 0.00052 | 0.00008283 | 1.438 |
| 80000 | -74.51 | 9.564 | 0.00011 | 0.00001846 | 1.321 |
US Atmosphere - Temperature vs. Elevation
